CHAPTER V

INTRODUCTION:

After taking the steps to develop all types of employees, you
should keep in mind that there are still areas where there is not
any employee. This could be an area that is outside the control of
the government. This factor perhaps must be due to deficient
communication or transportation means. It could also be an area
isolated by natural barriers, such as dense forests or mountains.
The areas perhaps are not covered by your employees by being
inhabited by persons who stay away or they are against the legal
government. Whatever the reason may be, it is necessary to
recognize the vulnerabilities of the area before the guerrilla
operations. Consequently, immediate steps must be taken to place
employees in these areas. It is possible that it may be already
late and that the guerrillas operate actively in the area, making
thus difficult the placement of employees. Nevertheless, important
questions will emerge that could only be answered through the
placement of employees in the area and within the guerrilla
organization. The sooner the CI agent succeeds in placing
employees in the are which is under the influence of the enemy and
infiltrate them inside his organization, the sooner the government
will be able to neutralize or destroy the insurrection movement.

DEVELOPMENT:

A. Place of employees in the area.

1. Before the guerrillas take control:

The placement of an employee in an area is much easier
when the guerrillas are not yet well organized. However, once they
are organized in a remote area, they will be expected to discover
the employees that the government may have in the region. The best
way to prevent an insurrection from becoming a threat is to
discover it early. It is necessary to have employees in the entire
country to discover any indication of an insurrection. These
indications without any doubt will provide additional targets,
which will make the CI agent to need additional employees.

The CI agent by necessity must have employees in an area before
the guerrillas appear, in order to discover and neutralize then in
the incipient phase of the movement. Each CI agent must select his
employees and supervisors and train them, in the identification of
signs of insurrection. When these signs emerge, he must anticipate
what could happen and select the most efficient and reliable
employees to operate in the area, even when the guerrillas succeed
to control the area. These employees and

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supervisors will need an extensive training if the guerrillas have
already taken control. When there is an indication that the
guerrillas increase their control of the area each time more, the
CI agent may decide to discontinue communications with the
employees and their supervisors for security reasons. While the
guerrillas reinforce their security and acquire greater force, the
CI agent will have to depend on other employees to obtain the
information he needs. The principal task of the supervisors who
already were able to be introduced into the area will be to remain
there, to continue their usual activities accepted by the
guerrillas. When the supervisors decide to approach presumed
employees will come in contact with the agent using the
communication methods agreed beforehand in order to receive
instructions and guidance. The CI agent perhaps decided to make
contact with the employees and their supervisors in order to verify
the effectiveness of the communication means or to give additional
instructions. The CI agent must understand that the supervisors
need time to organize their employees in the are controlled by the
guerrillas. The initial information which some employees will
submit through the communication method agreed before hand should
refer to recently arrived guerrillas and other insurrection
activities. All the employees will render two kinds of services:
The immediate task of sending information about the guerrilla
activities inside the area and the prolonged task of remaining
inactive until they win the confidence of the guerrillas and then
form calls inside the insurrection area. In order to develop these
employees and their supervisors, the CI agent begins his search for
potential employees before the emergence of insurrection signs.

2. During the control by the guerrillas:

The task of placing an employee inside the area during the
organization of the guerrillas is so very difficult before it
happens.

The CI agent will have more freedom of action due to the threat
that the guerrillas represent, and it is possible that the
population becomes more hostile. Therefore, he will have to depend
on the employees that he has trained to find potential assistants.
It will be easy to find many potential employees during this
period; for that reason, he must try to train then as soon as
possible. The CI agent looks for individuals who are ready to
infiltrate in the area of the guerrillas and to inform him about
their activities. it is necessary to find other individuals who can
move inside the area without calling attention and to inform about
the guerrilla activities, their camps and their personnel. Must
select those persons who have relatives among the guerrilla
elements and approach them with the objective of making these
relatives to abandon the guerrilla organization. Even when the
activities of the guerrillas shall limit the movement of the CI
agents to a certain degree, the opportunities that these activities

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offer to place employees compensate for the growing disadvantages
It is to be expected that the guerrillas are occupied recruiting
members for their organization, and in general, obtaining support
for their movement. Each CI agent could take advantage of these
activities to place employees in key areas inside the environment
in which the guerrillas move. The guerrillas will be alert to any
movement against then on the part of the government and will employ
their own security personnel to protect them. It is of high
importance that the CI agent locate, identify and investigate this
security personnel. The CI agent soaks for these individuals for
two reasons. In the first place, he must locate them in order to
protect the operations of his employees. in the second place, must
find the motivation and the weaknesses of these individuals and to
look for the way to induce then to abandon their organization and
join the cause of the government. Perhaps he will succeed to
persuade the individual appealing to him through his parents,
guaranteeing him his safety and promising him a remuneration. The
principal objective is to persuade these individuals to abandon
their cause without abandoning the place in a way that they could
provide valuable service to the government. The CI agent must also
use his system of obtaining employees find the guerrillas. This
could render valuable service identifying the members of the
guerrilla organization and their targets a-engaging them deceiving
them and at the same time supplying them erroneous information.

This same plan will be successful if the CI agent succeeds in
placing one of his employees in the guerrilla area making him pass
as one of their informants. In all operations of this type, the CI
agent must be assured of the trustworthiness of the employee
maintaining the proper control on the same. He must watch for
employees who could be supplying information to him as well as to
guerrillas at the same time, or to him and alto another government
representative. This type of employee is specially dangerous.

3. After the guerrillas take control:

Placing an employee in an area controlled by the guerrillas is
a real problem. It is very possible that the CI agent has
absolutely no access to the area. In this case, he will have to
recruit a person who travels regularly in the area where the
guerrillas are. This person will need special training, since he
must also learn to locate and possibly recruit and train other
employees inside the area. If he waits until the guerrillas seize
control of an area, the CI agent will find out that he does not
have access to the area, be will rely only on a limited number of
employees and will have to confide to then more information than he
would normally confide to them. An alternative in case of being
able to recruit an employee among the individuals who travel
frequently to the area and remain there. He will have to locate an
individual who is willing to enter an area controlled by the
guerrillas, win their confidence and then begin to supply

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information through previously agreed communication methods.
One obvious disadvantage of this type of employee is the time
factor which is critical. it will take much time to train this
employee in order to be able to provide a valuable service.
Another possibility is to infiltrate an employee so that he may
locate potential employees and set up organizations of employees
under his central. The operations of which began after the
guerrillas have seized control will have marked disadvantages from
the beginning. The CI agent will not have direct control over his
employees. Consequentlys he will always have doubts about-their
reliability and veracity of the information they supply. It is
possible many employees could be placed in an area, however, their
value as information suppliers will be limited due to their low
position, the restrictions which impede then from moving from one
place to another, the guerrilla security measures and problems
related with the communication means.

In order to be valuable, the information will have to be timely
supplied. A great part of the information supplied by the
employees in an area which is under control of the guerrillas does
not reach the CI agent early enough to be valuable. The CI agent
must rely on employees in an area before the guerrillas seize
control of the same.

B. Placement of employees in organizations.

1. Before the guerrillas take control.

The CI agent must consider all the organizations as
possible guerrilla sympathizers. He must train and place his
employees inside these organizations so that they may inform him
about their activities and discover any indication of a latent
insurrection. We are especially interested in identifying the
members of the guerrilla command structure, the organic picture and
support base. By infiltrating his employees in different youth,
worker, political, commercial, social and charitable organizations,
we would be able to identify the parents of these guerrilla
elements, their support agents and the sympathizers of the
insurrection movement. This way, the CI agent could train
supervisors to be able then to form calls within the different
organizations. The more employees the government has working
inside these organizations, that much easier will be to control the
threat of a guerrilla movement; to the extend that this grows,
these employees will achieve positions of greater responsibility
and, consequently, will be even more valuable to the government.

2. During the rise of the guerrilla movement:

When the guerrillas are active trying to form their
organization, it will be more difficult for the CI agent to place
his employees in the different organizations. Many organization
will be known as sympathizers of the insurrection movement. The CI

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agent must place employees in these organizations for the purpose
of identifying the leaders, cadre personnel and insurrection
sympathizers.

Some of these employees perhaps may have to join an
organization, win their acceptance from the other members and
acquire importance in the same in order to be able to provide
information at a higher level. The CI agent must also investigate
other organizations which are not yet under guerrilla control,
since without any doubt these will have members who sym pathize
with the insurrection movement. Therefore, it will be necessary to
identify these persons. The employees should identify the
guerrilla personnel and their security procedures in a way the CI
agent could develop programs to induce them to abandon their cause
or, at least, to neutralize their activities. It will be easy for
the government employees to infiltrate in guerrilla organizations
when they are preparing their movement, since their goal is to
obtain a massive support and accept many recruits in their
organizations. It is necessary that some of these recruits are
government employees who could then render valuable assistance in
the attempt to destroy the insurrection.

3. After the guerrillas have taken control:

Once the guerrillas have seized control of an
organization, it will be very difficult for the CI agent to place
his employees inside said organization. The guerrillas will
intensify their security program for the purpose of protecting
themselves. Even when a government employee joins an organization
controlled by the guerrillas at a low level, he can not only to
identify the leaders of the movement and some of their activities,
but also, what is more important, to be able to supply information
about possible recruits for the government program. The employee
who is able to identify a guerrilla of the high hierarchy who is
unhappy with the insurrection movement will also have identified a
potential employee for the government. Once a security agent of
the guerrilla organization has been identified, he could be forced
or induced to abandon his cause without abandoning his position or
he could be neutralized. If the informants of the guerrillas are
identified they could be supplied false information or be inducedto
abandon the insurrection movement. If the CI agent waits until the
guerrillas have gained control of an organization, he will face
great and more serious obstacles when he tries to place his
employees.

He must begin to infiltrate his employees in the organizations
and insurrection movements as soon as it is possible. The sooner
the government is able to discover, locate and identify the
guerrillas, the sooner will be able to destroy the insurrection
movement.

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C. The Target:

1. GUERRILLA WEAKNESS THAT THE CI AGENT COULD EXPLOIT.

a. OBTAIN RECRUITS.

b. DEVELOP A SUPPLY SYSTEM.

c. ACTIONS THAT IDENTIFY GUERRILLAS.

d. LOCAL ADAPTATION.

The CI agent is in the process of obtaining information
about the guerrillas at all times; before, during, and after these
elements have succeeded to control an organization or an area. As
part of this information, also rests with him to collect
information that will help to place his employees in the guerrilla
organization. During his investigations the CI agent will get to
know that the guerrillas suffer from specific weaknesses which he
could use to infiltrate the organization of said elements. Let's
examine now some of these weaknesses.

2. It is necessary that the CI agent knows exactly how the
guerrillas direct their recruitment program. In the first phases
of the program, when the guerrillas are cementing their base, they
normally are very cautious in the selection of new members. When
they are ready to expand their base and their organization, they
will have to approach many persons for the purpose of obtaining
recruits. The CI agent must know what type of person the
guerrillas prefer, what person they have approached to induce to
join their cause, how they approached the person and how they will
accept a recruit.

3. In addition, the guerrillas frequently develop a supply
system using buyers, carriers and watchers of the supply points.

The CI agent must determine how the guerrillas obtain critical
supplies, who buys or steals these supplies, where they keep them,
and how they transport them.

4. The guerrillas are also subject to be identified as such
because of the actions that some of their activities involve. In
spite of the security measures they take, they are exposed to be
discovered when they recruit informants, buy or use explosives,
circulate propaganda or carry out submissions. Just as they
recruit members to form their organization and their supply system,
they will also have to look for help among the population for these
special activities.

5. Even when all guerrilla operations are similar, the
guerrillas have to adopt them in each region. The local adaptation

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could create additional weaknesses in the guerrilla
organization. Consequently, the CI agent must investigate which
are these weaknesses. If the guerrillas have been away from their
place for a long time, they will possibly try to communicate with
their families. On the other hand, perhaps-their families with try
to communicate with the guerrilla In case of death Of a member of
the family, in important holidays or if they receive news that the
guerrilla is wounded. The guerrilla could lack an indispensable
basic food, which will force him to coma out from his hiding to
look for assistance.

These are examples of some of the weaknesses from which the
guerrillas suffer, which could be exploited by the CI agent.
Therefore, it is not a complete list of all the weaknesses. For
the purpose of infiltrating his employees in the guerrilla
organization, each CI agent must look for and loit the
vulnerabilities of these elements.

D. Placement of an employee:

After locating the guerrilla target, analyze its weak points and
study how to infiltrate one of his employees, the CI agent must
plain in detail the steps that must be taken to place said
employee. As a rule, there are three types of placement:
- Joining the guerrillas

- Remaining in the guerrilla organization

- Promoted in the organization after being recruited as
government employee.

1. Joining the guerrillas:

a. The employee could appear to be an ideal recruit pretending
to be unhappy with the government and its position. These actions
must appear real and natural, they must be carefully presented in
a way that they call attention to the recruited or agent of the
guerrilla organization.

b. The employee could be ordered to approach an individual that
he knows or suspects that he is a recruiter for the guerrilla
organization. In this case, the employee must show his discontent
with the government. He will have to win the confidence and
acceptance of the recruiter. By being so, the recruiter probably
will approach the employee to propose that he joins his cause.

c. The system of sponsors, checkups and close surveillance that
the recruiters use is an obstacle in infiltrating the guerrilla
organization. This signifies that the employee will probably have
to be recommended by at least two elements reliable to guerrillas,
who act as his sponsors. Then the

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employee will probably have to pass a testing period during which
he will be watched and tested in order to determine if his
motivation is truly anti-goverrment and/or pro-guerrilla. Even
after all this, the employee will probably have to submit to a
final examination as positive proof of his loyalty.

d. other ways of joining the guerrillas Will depend on the
employees ability to supply a service or product valuable to
guerrillas. The guerrillas will probably be interested to I the
employee if it appears that he can provide valuable information,
spread propaganda or act as messenger. This interest could also be
developed if the employee would appear to be able of supplying
weapons, mines, explosives, radios or maps. Nevertheless, this
service or product may perhaps be only the first step to infiltrate
the organization. The agent should prevent that the employee's
value to guerrillas as sympathizer or agent lacks in a way that
impedes his infiltration in the guerrilla organization.

e. In this carefully planned and controlled operation, the agent
must discover what other actions are needed to strengthen the
employee's pretention an ideal guerrilla recruit. A vital part of
this program is the educational system tending to indoctrinate and
recompense government employees who inform when a guerrilla element
approaches them and tries to recruit them. The CI agent could
cause the arrest or detention of the employee's parents, imprison
the employee or give him a beating as part of the placement plan of
said employee in the guerrilla organization. Since he will have to
plan carefully all these demonstrations and employ then at the
right time in order to strengthen the employees assertions.

2. Remaining in the organization:

a. The CI agent must always try to locate those guerrillas that
could be recruited in order to remain in the guerrillas as a
government employee. The recruitment task requires careful
planning on the part of the CI agent.

b. The careful interrogation of captured guerrillas are a vital
part of this program. The first program consists in establishing
communication means. therefore, the CI agent must bewilling to run
a deliberate risk letting free a guerrilla prisoner, a parent or a
friend of his in order to establish the links between the CI agent
and the potential employee. This is an indirect and risky way to
develop an employee, and the CI agent must use all resources that
he knows to test, check and control the employee.

c. It is possible that the CI agent to have control over
disillusioned guerrillas who have been captured as terrorists,
agents or informers. They must be pressured to consider and look at
the possibility of persuading the captured guerrilla to work by

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returning to join the guerrillas. They must also Consider what
steps must be taken to conceal the capture and freeing of the
potential employee. It would be convenient for the employee to
return to the guerrilla organization as soon as possible after a
pacification or before they become aware that the individual has
been arrested.

3. Being promoted in the ranks of the guerrilla organization:
a. Using employees who have joined, who have returned to join
or have remained in the guerrilla organization, the CI agent could
continue developing the means of placement and access to his
employees. This could be attained increasing the value of the
employee before the eyes of the guerrillas, causing a series of
incidents tending to strengthen the confidence the guerrillas have
in the employee and showing his gift of leadership. He must be
willing to be patient, not to act every time he receives
information from a source who has a higher position and, even more
important, he must maintain control but to limit communications to
a minimum.

b. The CI agent could increase the employee's value
destroying the structure of the guerrilla organization around said
employee. This could be done by means of arrests, executions or
pacification taking care not to expose the employee as the-
information source. It the employee is one of the few survivors,
he could be a key member in a new or different guerrilla
organization. Also the employee's reputation could be strengthened
in this occasion by means of story fabrication, documents and
witnesses, who are not only credible but also difficult to refute,
since there will be very few guerrillas that have survived.

c. A more difficult method of contributing to employee's
promotion in the guerrilla ranks is to assure his success in the
tasks that the guerrilla have assigned him. The employee could
achieve his promotion by accumulating a series of successes.

d. The CI agent must select an individual who has leadership
qualities, quality that will help him emerge from the ranks of the
guerrilla organization. It is less common to find a individual who
has the exceptional ability of being able to deceive a large number
of people by means of a fictitious identity. In many cases, it is
possible that this ability may be fictitious, however, it is
necessary that the individual has certain natural ability.

e. There are other methods of providing external assistance
in order. to assure the promotion of an employee. A method of
achieving this promotion is by influencing an employee who has a
much higher position in the guerrilla organization, another is to
eliminate a potential rival among the guerrillas.

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This methods show the value that employees who have infiltrated
the guerrilla ranks have.

SUMMARY:

It is much more difficult to place an employee in an area or in
an organization after the guerrillas have seized control. The CI
agent must place an employee bef ore, during or after the
guerrillas have succeeded in controlling an area. However, the
sooner it is done, the greater will be its success.

The methods of placing employees in an area or in the guerrilla
organization require a detailed and continuous knowledge of the
personalities and activities of the same. First, the CI agent must
compile the essential information to place his employees through
his own efforts or by means of employees who are already in the
area. Through this compiling, the CI agent should consider
specific targets in-the guerrilla support base, its communication
network, its cadre personnel and its command structure, and must
place employees in all these areas. The next step is to determine
the method of placing an employee in the target. After these two
phases, should be able to take steps to place the employee, whether
he is trying to join, remain or be promoted in the guerrilla
organization. The placement of employees in the guerrilla
organization is the most effective operation even when perhaps is
the slowest. The CI agent must initiate this type of operation as
soon as possible and spend a large amount of time and effort.

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